That of an active, game, hardy, small working terrier of the short-legged class; very free in its movements, strongly but not heavily built, standing well forward on its forelegs, deep in the ribs, well coupled with strong hindquarters and presenting a well-proportioned build with a medium length of back, having a hard, weather-resisting coat; head shorter and wider than any other terrier and well furnished with hair giving a general foxy expression.

Clarification.

     The first sentence describes the essential picture of a "big dog in a small package."  The Cairns is one of the sort-legged terrier, but a working terrier, not so low to the ground as to have a "weasely" look, yet not too high on the leg as to appear "up on stilts."  The word "medium" is the key word throughout this Standard.  Not a short-backed, square-looking terrier, but a terrier with enough length of back to be able to twist and turn in and out of the holes and among the rocks with quick movement is ideal.

My Comments.

     The Cairn is neither a short nor a long backed dog.  But there is much to be said in interpretation of the above statement.  It is my contention that as stated in the Standard, "from the front of the chest to back hindquarters," allows for some overhang--in both front and rear, which I believe does not indicate a dog that appears long backed to the observer.  The Cairn can be too short-backed, but a medium length of back can appear deceptively short, based on amount of coat carried in front and behind, and density of coat, weight and trimming.

     The Cairn should be able to turn in a den, but medium is the correct terminology here.  Too long is just as abominable as too short.  I suggest that most breeders do not take the tape measure and/or ruler to their dogs, but train themselves to evaluate dogs with the naked eye and defend their position accordingly.  Balance is supremely important.  Picture the dog of correct balance.  All else will fall into place.  Proper amount of bone must also enter into general appearance.  If the dog does not have the proper amount of bone, it well affect his general appearance, which could cause the casual observer to fault the dog for lack of balance.